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<h1 id="docker">docker<a class="headerlink" href="#docker" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<h2 id="docker_1">Docker四种网络模式?<a class="headerlink" href="#docker_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Docker网络模式</th>
<th>配置</th>
<th>说明</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>host模式</td>
<td>–net=host</td>
<td>容器和宿主机共享Network namespace。该模式下容器是不会拥有自己的ip地址，而是**使用宿主机的ip地址和端口**。这种模式的好处就是**网络性能比桥接模式的好**。<strong>缺点就是会占用宿主机的端口，网络的隔离性不太好</strong>。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>container模式</td>
<td>–net=container:NAME_or_ID</td>
<td>容器和另外一个容器共享Network namespace。kubernetes中的pod就是多个容器共享一个Network namespace。</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>none模式</td>
<td>–net=none</td>
<td>容器有独立的Network namespace，但并没有对其进行任何网络设置，如分配veth pair 和网桥连接，配置IP等。没有IP地址，无法连接外网，一般用于测试</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bridge模式</td>
<td>–net=bridge</td>
<td>（默认为该模式）</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2 id="dockerbridge">Docker的bridge网络是如何工作的，以及如何进行内外网络通信的？<a class="headerlink" href="#dockerbridge" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Docker容器创建时候默认会连接到docker0这个虚拟网桥(172.17.0.1)，并从docker0子网中分配一个IP给容器使用，并设置docker0的IP地址为容器的默认网关。在主机上创建一对虚拟网卡veth pair设备，Docker将veth pair设备的一端放在新创建的容器中，并命名为eth0（容器的网卡），另一端放在主机中，以vethxxx这样类似的名字命名，并将这个网络设备加入到docker0网桥中。可以通过brctl show命令查看。</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="https://static.cyub.vip/images/202107/docker-bridge.webp" data-type="image" data-width="auto" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="" src="https://static.cyub.vip/images/202107/docker-bridge.webp" /></a></p>
<p><strong>如何与外部通信?</strong></p>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="https://static.cyub.vip/images/202107/docker-bridge-flow.png" data-type="image" data-width="auto" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="" src="https://static.cyub.vip/images/202107/docker-bridge-flow.png" /></a></p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>busybox 发送 ping 包：172.17.0.2 &gt; <a href="http://www.baidu.com">www.baidu.com</a>。</p>
<p>docker0 收到包，发现是发送到外网的，交给 NAT 处理。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>NAT 将源地址换成 enp0s3 的 IP：10.0.2.15 &gt; <a href="http://www.bing.com">www.bing.com</a>。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>ping 包从 enp0s3 发送出去，到达 <a href="http://www.bing.com">www.bing.com</a>。</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>外部世界如何访问容器?</strong></p>
<p>一句话就是**端口映射**。</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>docker-proxy 监听 host 的 32773 端口。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>当 curl 访问 10.0.2.15:32773 时，docker-proxy转发给容器 172.17.0.2:80。</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>httpd 容器响应请求并返回结果。</p>
</li>
</ol>
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<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-iso_date">2023-10-11</span>
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