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<meta name="description" content="Delve # Delve 是Go语言实现的，专门用来调试Go程序的工具。它跟 GDB工具类似，相比 GDB，它简单易用，能更好的理解Go语言数据结构和语言特性，支持打印goroutine以及defer函数等Go特有语法特性。Delve简称dlv，后文将以dlv代称Delve.
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安装 # go get -u github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv 使用 # 开始调试 # dlv使用debug命令进入调试界面：
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dlv debug main.go 如果当前目录是main包所在目录时候，可以不用指定main.go文件这个参数的。假定项目结构如下：
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. ├── github.com/me/foo ├── cmd │ └── foo │ └── main.go ├── pkg │ └── baz │ ├── bar.go │ └── bar_test.go 如果当前已在cmd/foo目录下，我们可以直接执行dlv debug命令开始调试。在任何目录下我们可以使用dlv debug github.com/me/foo/cmd/foo开始调试。
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如果已构建成二进制可执行文件，我们可以使用dlv exec命令开始调试：
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dlv exec /youpath/go_binary_file 对于需要命令行参数才能启动的程序，我们可以通过--来传递命令行参数，比如如下:
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dlv debug github.com/me/foo/cmd/foo -- -arg1 value dlv exec /mypath/binary -- --config=config.toml 对于已经运行的程序，可以使用attach命令，进行跟踪调试指定pid的Go应用：
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dlv attach pid 除了上面调试main包外，dlv通过test子命令还支持调试test文件：">
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安装 # go get -u github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv 使用 # 开始调试 # dlv使用debug命令进入调试界面：
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dlv debug main.go 如果当前目录是main包所在目录时候，可以不用指定main.go文件这个参数的。假定项目结构如下：
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. ├── github.com/me/foo ├── cmd │ └── foo │ └── main.go ├── pkg │ └── baz │ ├── bar.go │ └── bar_test.go 如果当前已在cmd/foo目录下，我们可以直接执行dlv debug命令开始调试。在任何目录下我们可以使用dlv debug github.com/me/foo/cmd/foo开始调试。
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如果已构建成二进制可执行文件，我们可以使用dlv exec命令开始调试：
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dlv exec /youpath/go_binary_file 对于需要命令行参数才能启动的程序，我们可以通过--来传递命令行参数，比如如下:
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dlv debug github.com/me/foo/cmd/foo -- -arg1 value dlv exec /mypath/binary -- --config=config.toml 对于已经运行的程序，可以使用attach命令，进行跟踪调试指定pid的Go应用：
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dlv attach pid 除了上面调试main包外，dlv通过test子命令还支持调试test文件：" />
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<article class="markdown"><h1 id="delve">
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Delve
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<a class="anchor" href="#delve">#</a>
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</h1>
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<p>
|
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|
<a href="https://github.com/go-delve/delve">Delve</a> 是Go语言实现的，专门用来调试Go程序的工具。它跟
|
|
|
<a href="/analysis-tools/gdb/">GDB</a>工具类似，相比
|
|
|
<a href="/analysis-tools/gdb/">GDB</a>，它简单易用，能更好的理解Go语言数据结构和语言特性，支持打印goroutine以及defer函数等Go特有语法特性。Delve简称dlv，后文将以dlv代称Delve.</p>
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<h2 id="安装">
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安装
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<a class="anchor" href="#%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85">#</a>
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</h2>
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<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>go get -u github.com/go-delve/delve/cmd/dlv
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</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="使用">
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使用
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<a class="anchor" href="#%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8">#</a>
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</h2>
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|
<h3 id="开始调试">
|
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开始调试
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<a class="anchor" href="#%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e8%b0%83%e8%af%95">#</a>
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</h3>
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|
<p>dlv使用debug命令进入调试界面：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>dlv debug main.go
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>如果当前目录是main包所在目录时候，可以不用指定main.go文件这个参数的。假定项目结构如下：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>.
|
|
|
├── github.com/me/foo
|
|
|
├── cmd
|
|
|
│ └── foo
|
|
|
│ └── main.go
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|
├── pkg
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|
│ └── baz
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|
|
│ ├── bar.go
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|
|
│ └── bar_test.go
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|
|
</code></pre><p>如果当前已在cmd/foo目录下，我们可以直接执行<code>dlv debug</code>命令开始调试。在任何目录下我们可以使用<code>dlv debug github.com/me/foo/cmd/foo</code>开始调试。</p>
|
|
|
<p>如果已构建成二进制可执行文件，我们可以使用<code>dlv exec</code>命令开始调试：</p>
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="display:flex;"><span>dlv exec /youpath/go_binary_file
|
|
|
</span></span></code></pre></div><p><strong>对于需要命令行参数才能启动的程序，我们可以通过<code>--</code>来传递命令行参数</strong>，比如如下:</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>dlv debug github.com/me/foo/cmd/foo -- -arg1 value
|
|
|
dlv exec /mypath/binary -- --config=config.toml
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>对于已经运行的程序，可以使用attach命令，进行跟踪调试指定pid的Go应用：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>dlv attach pid
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>除了上面调试main包外，dlv通过test子命令还支持调试test文件：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>dlv test github.com/me/foo/pkg/baz
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>接下来我们可以使用help命令查看dlv支持的命令有哪些：</p>
|
|
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<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) help
|
|
|
The following commands are available:
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|
|
|
Running the program:
|
|
|
call ------------------------ Resumes process, injecting a function call (EXPERIMENTAL!!!)
|
|
|
continue (alias: c) --------- Run until breakpoint or program termination.
|
|
|
next (alias: n) ------------- Step over to next source line.
|
|
|
rebuild --------------------- Rebuild the target executable and restarts it. It does not work if the executable was not built by delve.
|
|
|
restart (alias: r) ---------- Restart process.
|
|
|
step (alias: s) ------------- Single step through program.
|
|
|
step-instruction (alias: si) Single step a single cpu instruction.
|
|
|
stepout (alias: so) --------- Step out of the current function.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manipulating breakpoints:
|
|
|
break (alias: b) ------- Sets a breakpoint.
|
|
|
breakpoints (alias: bp) Print out info for active breakpoints.
|
|
|
clear ------------------ Deletes breakpoint.
|
|
|
clearall --------------- Deletes multiple breakpoints.
|
|
|
condition (alias: cond) Set breakpoint condition.
|
|
|
on --------------------- Executes a command when a breakpoint is hit.
|
|
|
trace (alias: t) ------- Set tracepoint.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Viewing program variables and memory:
|
|
|
args ----------------- Print function arguments.
|
|
|
display -------------- Print value of an expression every time the program stops.
|
|
|
examinemem (alias: x) Examine memory:
|
|
|
locals --------------- Print local variables.
|
|
|
print (alias: p) ----- Evaluate an expression.
|
|
|
regs ----------------- Print contents of CPU registers.
|
|
|
set ------------------ Changes the value of a variable.
|
|
|
vars ----------------- Print package variables.
|
|
|
whatis --------------- Prints type of an expression.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Listing and switching between threads and goroutines:
|
|
|
goroutine (alias: gr) -- Shows or changes current goroutine
|
|
|
goroutines (alias: grs) List program goroutines.
|
|
|
thread (alias: tr) ----- Switch to the specified thread.
|
|
|
threads ---------------- Print out info for every traced thread.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Viewing the call stack and selecting frames:
|
|
|
deferred --------- Executes command in the context of a deferred call.
|
|
|
down ------------- Move the current frame down.
|
|
|
frame ------------ Set the current frame, or execute command on a different frame.
|
|
|
stack (alias: bt) Print stack trace.
|
|
|
up --------------- Move the current frame up.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other commands:
|
|
|
config --------------------- Changes configuration parameters.
|
|
|
disassemble (alias: disass) Disassembler.
|
|
|
edit (alias: ed) ----------- Open where you are in $DELVE_EDITOR or $EDITOR
|
|
|
exit (alias: quit | q) ----- Exit the debugger.
|
|
|
funcs ---------------------- Print list of functions.
|
|
|
help (alias: h) ------------ Prints the help message.
|
|
|
libraries ------------------ List loaded dynamic libraries
|
|
|
list (alias: ls | l) ------- Show source code.
|
|
|
source --------------------- Executes a file containing a list of delve commands
|
|
|
sources -------------------- Print list of source files.
|
|
|
types ---------------------- Print list of types
|
|
|
|
|
|
Type help followed by a command for full documentation.
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>接下来我们将以下面代码作为示例演示如何dlv进行调试。</p>
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-go" data-lang="go"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">package</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">main</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">import</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">"fmt"</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#66d9ef">func</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">main</span>() {
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">fmt</span>.<span style="color:#a6e22e">Println</span>(<span style="color:#e6db74">"go"</span>)
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span>}
|
|
|
</span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="设置断点">
|
|
|
设置断点
|
|
|
<a class="anchor" href="#%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%ad%e7%82%b9">#</a>
|
|
|
</h3>
|
|
|
<p>当我们使用<code>dlv debug main.go</code>命令进行dlv调试之后，我们可以设置断点。</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) b main.main # 在main函数处设置断点
|
|
|
Breakpoint 1 set at 0x4adf8f for main.main() ./main.go:5
|
|
|
</code></pre><h3 id="继续执行">
|
|
|
继续执行
|
|
|
<a class="anchor" href="#%e7%bb%a7%e7%bb%ad%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8c">#</a>
|
|
|
</h3>
|
|
|
<p>设置断点之后，我们可以通过<code>continue</code>命令（简写c）继续执行到我们设置的断点处。</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) c
|
|
|
> main.main() ./main.go:5 (hits goroutine(1):1 total:1) (PC: 0x4adf8f)
|
|
|
1: package main
|
|
|
2:
|
|
|
3: import "fmt"
|
|
|
4:
|
|
|
=> 5: func main() {
|
|
|
6: fmt.Println("go")
|
|
|
7: }
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>注意不同于
|
|
|
<a href="/analysis-tools/gdb/">GDB</a>需要执行run命令启动应用之后，才能执行continue命令。而dlv在进入调试界面之后，已经指向程序的入口地址处，可以直接执行continue命令</p>
|
|
|
<h3 id="执行下一条指令">
|
|
|
执行下一条指令
|
|
|
<a class="anchor" href="#%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8c%e4%b8%8b%e4%b8%80%e6%9d%a1%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4">#</a>
|
|
|
</h3>
|
|
|
<p>我们可以通过next命令（简写n）来执行下一行源码。同
|
|
|
<a href="/analysis-tools/gdb/">GDB</a>一样，next命令是Step over操作，遇到函数时不会进入函数内部一行行代码执行，而是直接执行函数，然后跳过到函数下面的一行代码。</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) n
|
|
|
go
|
|
|
> main.main() ./main.go:7 (PC: 0x4adfff)
|
|
|
2:
|
|
|
3: import "fmt"
|
|
|
4:
|
|
|
5: func main() {
|
|
|
6: fmt.Println("go")
|
|
|
=> 7: }
|
|
|
</code></pre><h3 id="打印栈信息">
|
|
|
打印栈信息
|
|
|
<a class="anchor" href="#%e6%89%93%e5%8d%b0%e6%a0%88%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af">#</a>
|
|
|
</h3>
|
|
|
<p>通过stack命令，我们可以查看函数栈信息：</p>
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-go" data-lang="go"><span style="display:flex;"><span>(<span style="color:#a6e22e">dlv</span>) <span style="color:#a6e22e">stack</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">0x00000000004adfff</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">in</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">main</span>.<span style="color:#a6e22e">main</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">at</span> .<span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">main</span>.<span style="color:#66d9ef">go</span>:<span style="color:#ae81ff">7</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ae81ff">1</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">0x0000000000436be8</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">in</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">runtime</span>.<span style="color:#a6e22e">main</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">at</span> <span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">usr</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">lib</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">go</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">src</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">runtime</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">proc</span>.<span style="color:#66d9ef">go</span>:<span style="color:#ae81ff">203</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span> <span style="color:#ae81ff">0x0000000000464621</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">in</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">runtime</span>.<span style="color:#a6e22e">goexit</span>
|
|
|
</span></span><span style="display:flex;"><span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">at</span> <span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">usr</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">lib</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#66d9ef">go</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">src</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">runtime</span><span style="color:#f92672">/</span><span style="color:#a6e22e">asm_amd64</span>.<span style="color:#a6e22e">s</span>:<span style="color:#ae81ff">1373</span>
|
|
|
</span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="打印gorountine信息">
|
|
|
打印gorountine信息
|
|
|
<a class="anchor" href="#%e6%89%93%e5%8d%b0gorountine%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af">#</a>
|
|
|
</h3>
|
|
|
<p>通过<code>goroutines</code>命令（简写grs），我们可以查看所有goroutine：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) goroutines
|
|
|
* Goroutine 1 - User: ./main.go:7 main.main (0x4adfff) (thread 14358)
|
|
|
Goroutine 2 - User: /usr/lib/go/src/runtime/proc.go:305 runtime.gopark (0x436f9b)
|
|
|
Goroutine 3 - User: /usr/lib/go/src/runtime/proc.go:305 runtime.gopark (0x436f9b)
|
|
|
Goroutine 4 - User: /usr/lib/go/src/runtime/proc.go:305 runtime.gopark (0x436f9b)
|
|
|
Goroutine 5 - User: /usr/lib/go/src/runtime/mfinal.go:161 runtime.runfinq (0x418f80)
|
|
|
[5 goroutines]
|
|
|
</code></pre><p><code>goroutine</code>命令（简写gr）用来显示当前goroutine信息：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) goroutine
|
|
|
Thread 14358 at ./main.go:7
|
|
|
Goroutine 1:
|
|
|
Runtime: ./main.go:7 main.main (0x4adfff)
|
|
|
User: ./main.go:7 main.main (0x4adfff)
|
|
|
Go: /usr/lib/go/src/runtime/asm_amd64.s:220 runtime.rt0_go (0x462594)
|
|
|
Start: /usr/lib/go/src/runtime/proc.go:113 runtime.main (0x436a20)
|
|
|
</code></pre><h3 id="查看汇编代码">
|
|
|
查看汇编代码
|
|
|
<a class="anchor" href="#%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e6%b1%87%e7%bc%96%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81">#</a>
|
|
|
</h3>
|
|
|
<p>通过<code>disassemble</code>命令（简写disass），我们可以查看汇编代码：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) disass
|
|
|
TEXT main.main(SB) /tmp/dlv/main.go
|
|
|
main.go:5 0x4adf80 64488b0c25f8ffffff mov rcx, qword ptr fs:[0xfffffff8]
|
|
|
main.go:5 0x4adf89 483b6110 cmp rsp, qword ptr [rcx+0x10]
|
|
|
main.go:5 0x4adf8d 767a jbe 0x4ae009
|
|
|
main.go:5 0x4adf8f* 4883ec68 sub rsp, 0x68
|
|
|
main.go:5 0x4adf93 48896c2460 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x60], rbp
|
|
|
main.go:5 0x4adf98 488d6c2460 lea rbp, ptr [rsp+0x60]
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adf9d 0f57c0 xorps xmm0, xmm0
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfa0 0f11442438 movups xmmword ptr [rsp+0x38], xmm0
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfa5 488d442438 lea rax, ptr [rsp+0x38]
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfaa 4889442430 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x30], rax
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfaf 8400 test byte ptr [rax], al
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfb1 488d0d28ed0000 lea rcx, ptr [rip+0xed28]
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfb8 48894c2438 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x38], rcx
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfbd 488d0dcce10300 lea rcx, ptr [rip+0x3e1cc]
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfc4 48894c2440 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x40], rcx
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfc9 8400 test byte ptr [rax], al
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfcb eb00 jmp 0x4adfcd
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfcd 4889442448 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x48], rax
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfd2 48c744245001000000 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x50], 0x1
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfdb 48c744245801000000 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x58], 0x1
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfe4 48890424 mov qword ptr [rsp], rax
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adfe8 48c744240801000000 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x8], 0x1
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adff1 48c744241001000000 mov qword ptr [rsp+0x10], 0x1
|
|
|
main.go:6 0x4adffa e811a1ffff call $fmt.Println
|
|
|
=> main.go:7 0x4adfff 488b6c2460 mov rbp, qword ptr [rsp+0x60]
|
|
|
main.go:7 0x4ae004 4883c468 add rsp, 0x68
|
|
|
main.go:7 0x4ae008 c3 ret
|
|
|
main.go:5 0x4ae009 e8e247fbff call $runtime.morestack_noctxt
|
|
|
<autogenerated>:1 0x4ae00e e96dffffff jmp $main.main
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>dlv默认显示的是<code>intel</code>风格汇编代码，我们可以通过<code>config</code>命令设置<code>gnu</code>或者<code>go</code>风格代码：</p>
|
|
|
<pre tabindex="0"><code>(dlv) config disassemble-flavor go
|
|
|
</code></pre><p>这种方式更改的配置只会对此次调试有效，若保证下次调试一样有效，我们需要将其配置到配置文件中。dlv默认配置文件是<code>HOME/.config/dlv/config.yml</code>。我们只需要在配置文件加入以下内容：</p>
|
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4;"><code class="language-yaml" data-lang="yaml"><span style="display:flex;"><span><span style="color:#f92672">disassemble-flavor</span>: <span style="color:#ae81ff">go</span>
|
|
|
</span></span></code></pre></div></article>
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